Such was the commotion caused by this trend towards the democratic self-organization of society that intellectuals such as the jurist León Duguit in France or the political scientist Harold Laski in Great Britain considered the principle of state sovereignty to Whatsapp Mobile Number List be outdated. If in this pluralistic framework the State was only one among other associations, then it was not possible to think of this new reality from the prism of a principle that was presumed indivisible. Given this, Duguit set out to rethink the function of the State from the idea of «public service» and Laski tried out a pluralist theory of the State, taking up Proudhon's social federalism. In this same perspective, the sociological anticipation of the social State as a State of society is situated, sensitive in the works of Émile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss,
This trend towards social democracy led the political thought of the time to project new constitutional devices that would ensure a government body capable of coordinating this social pluralism. This is the problem that brings us to our last stop. It was the Whatsapp Mobile Number List democratic socialist Herman Heller who succeeded in giving rise Whatsapp Mobile Number List "social state of law" in the history of concepts. It was a formulation that, in the second half of the 20th century, profoundly permeated our understanding of democracy and its institutional design.
In the invention of this concept we come across the same dialectical gesture in relation to liberalism. The social rule of law was, at the same time, a critique of the liberal and bourgeois rule of law and an overcoming of it in which some of its main elements Whatsapp Mobile Number List were preserved. It is precisely in the retrospective selection of freedoms worthy of value that the meaning of the socialist overcoming of liberalism can be measured: for Heller, the liberalism that deserved to be preserved was that of rights that could open up an antagonistic political space, a condition of possibility questioning the relations of production.